Cysticercosis in Maryland

• Neurocysticercosis (brain cysts): Seizures (most common), headaches, hydrocephalus, focal neurological deficits (e.g., weakness), altered mental status.
• Muscular cysts: Often asymptomatic, but can cause muscle pain or weakness, or visible lumps.
• Ocular cysts (eye cysts): Visual disturbances, blurred vision, pain, inflammation, retinal detachment.
• Subcutaneous cysts: Palpable, movable, non-tender nodules under the skin.

Humans contract cysticercosis by ingesting microscopic eggs of the *Taenia solium* tapeworm. This typically occurs through consumption of food or water contaminated with fecal matter from a person harboring an adult *Taenia solium* tapeworm. Direct hand-to-mouth transfer of eggs from an infected individual can also occur. Once ingested, the eggs hatch, and larvae then migrate and form cysts in various tissues.

• Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after using the toilet and before handling food.
• Cook pork to safe temperatures (minimum 145°F/63°C with a 3-minute rest).
• Wash and peel fruits and vegetables, especially when traveling in endemic areas.
• Ensure access to safe drinking water and avoid unboiled tap water.
• Improve sanitation and hygiene practices, particularly pig rearing and waste disposal, in endemic areas.