Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by *Histoplasma capsulatum*. It primarily affects the lungs but can disseminate to other parts of the body, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems. This disease is most common in regions with soil contaminated by bird or bat droppings, notably the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys in the US.
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Histoplasmosis was first described by Samuel Darling in Panama in 1905, who initially believed the causative agent was a protozoan. It was later correctly identified as a dimorphic fungus, *Histoplasma capsulatum*, in the 1930s. By the mid-20th century, it was recognized as a widespread endemic disease in parts of the Americas and beyond.
Histoplasmosis is acquired by inhaling microscopic spores of the fungus *Histoplasma capsulatum*. These spores become airborne when soil contaminated with bat or bird droppings is disturbed. The disease is not transmitted from person-to-person, from animals to humans, or through direct contact with contaminated soil.", } ```
Contagious Period: Varies by disease
Local health department information and state-specific prevention guidance
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Whether you live in Kansas or are traveling there, knowing the symptoms, timeline, and when to seek care helps you act quickly if exposure occurs.
Seek care if you experience severe dehydration, bloody stools, high fever, or symptoms lasting more than 3 days. Children under 5, adults over 65, and immunocompromised individuals should seek care earlier.
Emergency symptoms: Severe dehydration, inability to keep fluids down for 12 or more hours, or neurological symptoms require emergency care.
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Trusted information from leading health organizations
Official guidance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
View CDC Resources →Global disease surveillance and guidelines from the World Health Organization
View WHO Resources →Disease information on Virus Watcher is reviewed by our Chief Epidemiologist, a former CDC lead analyst for FluSight forecasting. Outbreak data is aggregated from verified sources including BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ national health agencies. This information is for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice.
Last reviewed: 2026-07-18
No confirmed cases reported in Kansas yet. Here are the latest Histoplasmosis reports from our global surveillance network.
A fungal outbreak linked to soil exposure in Tennessee has caused 35 illnesses and one death. Public health authorities are investigating the spread of histoplasmosis and educating the public about this disease. Immediate public attention is crucial to address the ongoing outbrea…
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (WSMV) - The Tennessee Department of Health is warning about a rise in cases involving a fungus. They now say they've seen 20 cases of histoplasmosis, a fungal infection caused by breathing in spores typically found in soil containing bird or bat droppings. Previ…
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