Meningococcal disease is a severe, life-threatening bacterial infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis. It can lead to meningitis (inflammation of the brain and spinal cord lining) or meningococcemia (a serious bloodstream infection). While it can affect anyone, infants, adolescents, and young adults are at higher risk.
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Meningococcal disease was recognized as a distinct clinical entity during epidemics in the 19th century. The causative bacterium, *Neisseria meningitidis*, was first identified by Anton Weichselbaum in 1887. Historically, it has been a significant cause of epidemics, driving the development of effective vaccines to control its spread and impact.
Meningococcal disease spreads through respiratory and throat secretions from an infected person, often through close or prolonged contact. This can occur via coughing, sneezing, kissing, or sharing items like drinks, food, or cigarettes. The bacteria do not survive long outside the human body, so casual contact does not typically lead to transmission.
Contagious Period: Varies by disease
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Our AI-powered surveillance hasn't detected significant Meningococcal disease, All serogroups activity in the past 30 days.
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Currently, Meningococcal disease, All serogroups case counts are within baseline expectations globally. However, diseases can emerge rapidly, which is why continuous monitoring is critical.
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Global disease surveillance and guidelines from the World Health Organization
View WHO Resources →Disease information on Virus Watcher is reviewed by our Chief Epidemiologist, a former CDC lead analyst for FluSight forecasting. Outbreak data is aggregated from verified sources including BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ national health agencies. This information is for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice.
Last reviewed: 2026-06-03
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