Scrub typhus

3 Active Outbreaks

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is transmitted by the bite of infected larval mites (chiggers) and is endemic to the Asia-Pacific region, affecting rural populations and travelers. Characterized by fever, rash, and a distinctive eschar, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

3
Countries Affected
446
Recent Cases (30d)
3
Active Outbreaks
79d ago
Last Updated
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What is Scrub typhus?

Scrub typhus was first described in Japan in 1899 by Dr. Hakuju Kitajima. It gained significant attention during World War II, causing considerable morbidity and mortality among military personnel operating in endemic regions of the Asia-Pacific. Its historical impact underscored the need for research into vector-borne diseases.

Symptoms

  • Sudden onset of fever, often high
  • Severe headache
  • Muscle aches (myalgia)
  • Rash, which may appear a few days after fever onset
  • A characteristic dark, crusted lesion (*eschar*) at the bite site
  • Enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy)
  • In severe cases, organ failure and pneumonia can occur

Transmission

Scrub typhus is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected larval trombiculid mites, commonly known as chiggers. These mites acquire the bacterium *Orientia tsutsugamushi* from rodents, which serve as reservoirs, and can also pass the infection to their offspring (transovarial transmission). Human-to-human transmission does not occur.

Contagious Period: Varies by disease

Prevention

  • Avoid areas with dense scrub vegetation or tall grass where mites are common.
  • Wear protective clothing (long sleeves, long pants tucked into socks/boots) when in endemic areas.
  • Apply insect repellents containing DEET or picaridin to exposed skin.
  • Treat clothing and gear with permethrin.
  • There is currently no vaccine available for Scrub typhus.

Active Outbreaks & Recent Cases

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🚨 1546 scrub typhus cases detected in Sundargarh | Bhubaneswar News - The Times of India

United States, Alaska 2025-11-01
Active

1546 scrub typhus cases have been detected in Sundargarh, India, indicating a large and active outbreak. Scrub typhus is a serious disease requiring immediate public health attention and response to prevent further spread and manage existing cases.

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Scrub Typhus Suspected in Macau After Outdoor Exposure

China 2026-03-16
Active

This event envelope includes reports on scrub typhus cases in China.

Source: BEACON - View Full Report

446 0
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Why you shouldn't sit on grass in Korea without a mat this autumn - The Korea Times

World, World 2025-10-31
Active

Health authorities are urging caution against tick-borne infectious diseases such as scrub typhus and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), which occur most frequently in Korea during the months of October and November. The risk is particularly high during the harvest season and as out... Source: The Korea Times - Read Full Article

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Expert Resources & References

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CDC

Official guidance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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WHO

Global disease surveillance and guidelines from the World Health Organization

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Research

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Medically Reviewed Content

Disease information on Virus Watcher is reviewed by our Chief Epidemiologist, a former CDC lead analyst for FluSight forecasting. Outbreak data is aggregated from verified sources including BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ national health agencies. This information is for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice.

Last reviewed: 2026-06-03

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