Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Imported from NNDSS: Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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Recent Cases (30d)
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Active Outbreaks
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What is Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus?

While *Staphylococcus aureus* was identified in the late 19th century, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains is a more recent concern. Methicillin-resistant *S. aureus* (MRSA) became widespread decades before. The first documented case of true vancomycin-resistant *S. aureus* (VRSA) in the United States was reported in 2002, marking a significant milestone in antibiotic resistance as vancomycin was a key last-resort treatment for MRSA.

Symptoms

  • Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Redness, swelling, pain, warmth, pus-filled lesions (e.g., boils, abscesses).
  • More Serious Infections:
  • Pneumonia: Fever, chills, cough, shortness of breath.
  • Bloodstream Infections (Bacteremia): Fever, chills, general malaise.
  • Bone Infections (Osteomyelitis): Pain, swelling, fever over affected bone.
  • Heart Valve Infections (Endocarditis): Fever, fatigue, shortness of breath.

Transmission

VRSA primarily spreads through direct contact with an infected person's wounds, bodily fluids, or contaminated skin. It can also be transmitted indirectly by touching contaminated surfaces or objects in healthcare environments. Healthcare workers' hands often play a role in transmission if proper hygiene is not maintained, and individuals can carry *Staphylococcus aureus* asymptomatically on their skin or in their nostrils.

Contagious Period: Varies by disease

Prevention

  • Rigorous Hand Hygiene: Frequent handwashing with soap and water or use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer, especially in healthcare settings.
  • Environmental Cleaning: Regular cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and equipment in healthcare facilities.
  • Isolation Precautions: Implementing contact precautions for infected patients in hospitals to prevent spread.
  • Judicious Antibiotic Use: Healthcare providers prescribing antibiotics appropriately to minimize the development of resistance.
  • No vaccine is currently available specifically for *Staphylococcus aureus* infections.

Live Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Global Case Map

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Active Outbreaks & Recent Cases

Real-time intelligence from global health monitoring and AI-powered surveillance

Data sources: BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ national health agencies

No Active Outbreaks Detected

Our AI-powered surveillance hasn't detected significant Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity in the past 30 days.

Real-time monitoring continues 24/7 across BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ global health agencies

What This Means

Currently, Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus case counts are within baseline expectations globally. However, diseases can emerge rapidly, which is why continuous monitoring is critical.

Stay Prepared

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Prevention Remains Important

Even without active outbreaks, understanding Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prevention helps protect you and your community:

  • Rigorous Hand Hygiene: Frequent handwashing with soap and water or use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer, especially in healthcare settings.
  • Environmental Cleaning: Regular cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and equipment in healthcare facilities.
  • Isolation Precautions: Implementing contact precautions for infected patients in hospitals to prevent spread.
  • Judicious Antibiotic Use: Healthcare providers prescribing antibiotics appropriately to minimize the development of resistance.
  • No vaccine is currently available specifically for *Staphylococcus aureus* infections.

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Expert Resources & References

Trusted information from leading health organizations

CDC

Official guidance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

View CDC Resources →

WHO

Global disease surveillance and guidelines from the World Health Organization

View WHO Resources →

Research

Latest peer-reviewed research and clinical studies

View Research →

Medically Reviewed Content

Disease information on Virus Watcher is reviewed by our Chief Epidemiologist, a former CDC lead analyst for FluSight forecasting. Outbreak data is aggregated from verified sources including BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ national health agencies. This information is for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice.

Last reviewed: 2026-07-18

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