Acute Bronchiolitis (RSV)
1 Active OutbreakAcute bronchiolitis is a common lung infection in young children and infants, most often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It causes inflammation and congestion in the small airways of the lungs.
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What is Acute Bronchiolitis (RSV)?
RSV is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants under one year old in the United States. Nearly all children get RSV by age 2, but it's most dangerous for premature babies, infants under 6 months, children with heart or lung conditions, and immunocompromised children. New preventive treatments are now available.
Symptoms
- Runny nose and congestion
- Cough (may be severe)
- Rapid breathing or difficulty breathing
- Wheezing (high-pitched whistling sound when breathing)
- Fever (may be low-grade)
- Decreased appetite and difficulty feeding
- Irritability and restlessness
- Apnea (pauses in breathing) in very young infants
Transmission
RSV spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing/sneezing and by touching contaminated surfaces (toys, doorknobs, counters). The virus can live on hard surfaces for many hours. Close contact in daycare, schools, and households facilitates spread.
Contagious Period: Typically 3-8 days; infants and immunocompromised people can be contagious for up to 4 weeks
Prevention
- Maternal RSV vaccine (Abrysvo) during pregnancy (weeks 32-36)
- Nirsevimab (Beyfortus) monoclonal antibody for infants
- Palivizumab (Synagis) monthly injections for high-risk infants
- Frequent handwashing with soap and water
- Avoid touching face after touching contaminated surfaces
- Keep babies away from sick people
- Clean and disinfect toys and surfaces regularly
- Avoid crowded places during RSV season with young infants
- Don't smoke around children (increases RSV risk and severity)
Live Acute Bronchiolitis (RSV) Global Case Map
1 country with reported activity. Updated from real-time surveillance data.
Active Outbreaks & Recent Cases
Real-time intelligence from global health monitoring and AI-powered surveillance
Data sources: BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ national health agencies
✓ Live data updated in real-time from global health sources
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Expert Resources & References
Trusted information from leading health organizations
CDC
Official guidance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
View CDC Resources →WHO
Global disease surveillance and guidelines from the World Health Organization
View WHO Resources →Medically Reviewed Content
Disease information on Virus Watcher is reviewed by our Chief Epidemiologist, a former CDC lead analyst for FluSight forecasting. Outbreak data is aggregated from verified sources including BEACON, ProMED, WHO, CDC, and 50+ national health agencies. This information is for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice.
Last reviewed: 2026-07-18
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Acute Bronchiolitis (RSV) answered by our epidemiology team
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